Reo Mana Raraunga (DCL)

GRANT, REVOKE me DENY Paerewa Paerewa

Ko te Reo Whakahaere Raraunga (DCL) he waahanga o te Reo Uiui Raupapa (SQL) me te whakaahei i nga kaiwhakarato raraunga ki te whirihora i te uru haumaru ki nga papaunga korero. Kei te whakaoti i te Reo Whakaaturanga Raraunga (DDL), e whakamahia ana hei tapiri me te whakakore i nga ahanoa pātengi raraunga, me te Reo Raraunga Raraunga (DML) whakamahia ki te tiki, te whakauru, me te whakarereke i nga ihirangi o te pātengi raraunga.

Ko te DCL te mea tinowari o nga waahi SQL , no te mea kei roto anake i nga whakahau e toru: GRANT, REVOKE, me DENY. Kua honohia, ko enei whakahau e toru e whakarato ana i nga kaiwhakahaere ki te waatea ki te whakarite, ki te tango i nga whakaaetanga paerewa i roto i te ahua tino ataahua.

Te Whakanui i nga Whakaaetanga Ki te Tono KAUPAPA

Kei te whakamahia te whakahau GRANT e nga kaiwhakahaere hei whakapiri i nga whakaaetanga hou ki tetahi kaiwhakamahi raraunga . He taangata noa tenei, kua tautuhia penei:

WHAKATAHI [taangatanga] ON [mea] TO [kaiwhakamahi] [ME TE WHAKARANGA KAUPAPA]

Anei te painga i runga i nga tawhito katoa ka taea e koe te tuku atu ki tenei whakahau:

• Ko te painga ko te kuputuhi KATOA (ki te tuku i te whanuitanga o nga whakaaetanga), he whakaaetanga paatata motuhake ranei, he huinga whakaaetanga rānei. Ko nga tauira e whai ana ko te KAUPAPA KAUPAPA, TE WHAKAMAHI, TE WHAKATORU, TE WHAKAMAHI, TE WHAKAMAHI, TE WHAKATAKI, ME TE WHAKAMAHI.
• Ka taea e te ahanoa tetahi o nga mea ahanoa raraunga Ko nga momo painga whaimana e rereke ana i runga i te momo o te ahanoa pātengi raraunga kei roto i tenei waahanga. I te nuinga o te waa, ko te kaupapa he papaapu raraunga, he mahi, he tikanga rongoa , he papa, he tirohanga ranei.
• Ka taea e te kaiwhakamahi tetahi kaiwhakamahi raraunga. Ka taea hoki e koe te whakakapi i tetahi mahi mo te kaiwhakamahi i roto i tenei waahanga mehemea ka hiahia koe ki te whakamahi i te haumaru raraunga e hāngai ana ki nga kaupapa.
• Mena kei te whakauru koe i te waahanga ME TE WHAKANUI WHAKARANGA i te mutunga o te whakahau GRANT, kaore koe e tuku noa i te kaiwhakamahi kua tohua e nga whakaaetanga kua tautuhia i roto i te korero a SQL, engari e hoatu ana hoki ki te kaiwhakamahi te kaha ki te tuku i aua whakaaetanga ki etahi atu kaiwhakamahi raraunga. Mo konei, whakamahia tenei mokamoka ma te atawhai.

Hei tauira, me hiahia koe ki te tuku i te kaiwhakamahi Joe ki te kaha ki te tiki atu i nga korero mai i te ripanga kaimahi i roto i te papaaataata ingoa ko HR. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te whakahau SQL e whai ake nei:

WHAKAMAHI KI TE KAUPAPA KAUPAPA I TO Joe

Ka taea e Joe te kaha ki te tiki atu i nga korero mai i te ripanga kaimahi. Kaore e taea e ia te tuku i etahi atu kaiwhakamahi whakaaetanga ki te tiki atu i nga korero mai i taua tepu na te mea kaore i whakauruhia e koe te WHAKARANGA WHAKANUI KUPU i roto i te taurangi GRANT.

Whakaarohia te Uru Raraunga

E whakamahia ana te whakahau REVOKE hei tango i te uruunga papaunga i te kaiwhakamahi i whakawhiwhia i mua i taua uru. Ko te whakahuahua mo tenei whakahau kua tautuhia penei:

REVOKE [KAUPAPA WHAKANUI MO] [whakaaetanga] ON [mea] MAI i [kaiwhakamahi] [CASCADE]

Anei te mana i runga i nga tawhitinga mo te whakahau REVOKE:

• Ka tohua e te whakaaetanga nga whakaaetanga raraunga hei tango mai i te kaiwhakamahi kua tautuhia. Ka whakakorea e te whakahau nga kupu e rua me nga korero DENY i hangaia mo mua mo te whakaaetanga kua tautuhia.
• Ka taea e te ahanoa tetahi o nga mea ahanoa raraunga Ko nga momo painga whaimana e rereke ana i runga i te momo o te ahanoa pātengi raraunga kei roto i tenei waahanga. I te nuinga o te waa, ko te kaupapa he papaapu raraunga, he mahi, he tikanga rongoa, he papa, he tirohanga ranei.
• Ka taea e te kaiwhakamahi tetahi kaiwhakamahi raraunga. Ka taea hoki e koe te whakakapi i tetahi mahi mo te kaiwhakamahi i roto i tenei waahanga mehemea ka hiahia koe ki te whakamahi i te haumaru raraunga e hāngai ana ki nga kaupapa.
• Ko te WHAKARANGA RANGA Mo te raraunga ka whakakore i te kaha o te kaiwhakamahi kua tohua hei tuku i te whakaaetanga kua tohua ki etahi atu kaiwhakamahi. Tuhipoka : Ki te whakauru koe i te WHAKARANGA WHAKAMAHI MO te waahanga i roto i te korero REVOKE, kaore i te whakakorehia te whakaaetanga tuatahi. Ko tenei rarangi kaore e taea te tuku.
• Ko te kōwhiringa CASCADE ano hoki e whakakore i te whakaaetanga kua tohua mai i nga kaiwhakamahi i whakawhiwhia e te kaiwhakamahi kua tohua.

Hei tauira, ka tukuna e te whakahau e whai ake nei te whakaaetanga i tukuna ki a Joe i te tauira o mua:

WHAKAMAHI I TE KAI RANGA I TE KAI RANGA. MAI Joe

Ko te Whakamatau i te Whakaaetanga Raraunga

Ka whakamahia te whakahau DENY hei aukati i tetahi kaiwhakamahi mai i te fariiraa i tetahi whakaaetanga motuhake. He pai tenei ma te kaiwhakamahi he mema o te mahi, o te röpü ränei e whakaaetia ana, e hiahia ana koe ki te aukati i taua kaiwhakamahi takitahi mai i te tuku whakaaetanga ma te hanga i tetahi tuhi. Ko te raupapa o tenei whakahau he penei:

KAUA [whakaaetanga] ON [ahanoa] TO [kaiwhakamahi]

Ko nga tawhitinga mo te whakahau DENY he rite ki nga mea e whakamahia ana mo te whakahau GRANT.

Hei tauira, ki te hiahia koe kia kaua a Matiu e kaha ki te muku i nga korero mai i te ripanga kaimahi, tuku atu te whakahau e whai ake nei:

KAUPAPA I TE KAI RANGA