He aha te Kōnae PEM?

Me pehea te whakatuwhera, te whakatika, me te huri i nga kōnae PEM

Ko tetahi kōnae he whakawhitinga kōnae PEM ko te Puka Tiwhikete Whaiaro Whaiaro Whaiaro i whakamahia hei kawe i te īmēra. Ka taea e te tangata e whiwhi ana i tenei īmēra te ti'aturi kaore i whakarereketia te karere i te wa e tukuna ana, kihai i whakaaturia ki tetahi atu, i tonoa mai e te tangata e kii ana kua tukuna.

Ko te whakatakotoranga PEM i puta mai i te whakaponotanga o te tuku raraunga ruarua mā te īmēra. Ko te hōputu PEM te whakarite i te ruarua me te base64 kia waiho hei raupapa ASCII.

Kua whakakapihia te hōputu PEM e nga hangarau hou me te haumaru, engari kei te whakamahia tonu te pEM PEM i tenei ra ki te pupuri i ngaa mana mana tiwhikete, nga paatete a te iwi me ngaa paati, nga tiwhikete pakiaka, me era atu.

Tuhipoka: Ka whakamahi pea etahi o nga puka i te PEM i te whakawhitinga kōnae rereke, penei i te CER, i te CRT ranei mo nga tiwhikete, ki te KEKI hoki mo nga paatete, mo te hunga takitahi ranei.

Me pehea te whakatuwhera i nga PEM Kōnae

Ko nga takahanga mo te whakatuwhera i tetahi kōnae PEM he rereke i runga i te tono e hiahia ana me te punaha whakahaere e whakamahi ana koe. Heoi, me tahuri koe ki te whakarereke i to kōnae PEM ki te CER, ki te CRT ranei kia ahei ai etahi o enei papatono ki te whakaae i te kōnae.

Windows

Mena kei te hiahia koe i te CER, te CRT ranei i roto i te kiritaki īmēra Microsoft rite ki a Outlook, whakatuwheratia i roto i Internet Explorer ki te utaina ki a ia i roto i te papanga raraunga tika. Ka taea e te kiritaki īmēra te whakamahi aunoa mai i reira.

Hei kite i ngaa tiwhikete tiwhikete e utaina ana ki to rorohiko, a ki te kawemai me te ringa, whakamahi i te tahua Utauta Ipurangi Explorer kia uru ki nga Ipurangi Ipurangi> Ihirangi> Tiwhikete .

Hei kawemai i te kōnae CER, CRT ranei ki Windows, tīmata ma te whakatuwhera i te Paetukutuku Whakahaere Microsoft i te pouaka korero Whakahaere (whakamahi i te pokatata keyboard Windows Key + R hei tomo mmc ). Mai i reira, haere ki te Kōnae> Tāpirihia / Tangohia te Snap-in ... ka tīpako Tiwhikete mai i te tīwae maui, a ka tohua te Tāpiri> i te pokapū o te matapihi. Kōwhirihia te pūkete Rorohiko ki te mata e whai ake nei, ka neke atu i te ruānuku, ma te whiriwhiri i te rorohiko a-Rohe ka tonoa.

I te wa e utaina ana "Tiwhikete" i raro i "Rautaki Paahoko," whakawhānuihia te kōpaki me te pāwhiri-matau Mana Tiwhikete Tiwhikete Tono , me te whiriwhiri i nga Tūmahi katoa> Kawemai ....

Tonotono

Ko te kaupapa ano he pono mo to kiritaki īmēra Mac me te mea ko tetahi mo tetahi Windows; Whakamahia te Safari kia uru mai te kōnae PEM ki te Access Keychain.

Ka taea hoki e koe te kawemai i nga tiwhikete SSL i roto i te mahinga Kōnae> Kawemai ... ... i roto i te Uru Uruina. Kōwhiritia te Pūnaha mai i te tahua taka-iho, ka whai i nga awangawanga o te mata.

Mena kaore enei mahi e mahi mo te kawemai i te kōnae PEM ki macOS, ka ngana koe ki te whakahau e whai ake nei:

te haumarutanga kawemai i tofile.pem -k ~ / Library / Keychains / login.keychain

Linux

Whakamahia tenei whakahau matua kia kite i nga ihirangi o te kōnae PEM i te Linux:

keytool -printcert -file toufile.pem

Me whai i enei huarahi ki te hiahia koe ki te kawe i tetahi kōnae CRT ki te tautuhinga tiwhikete tiwhikete whakawhirinaki a Linux (tirohia te tikanga whakawhiti mo te PEM ki te CRT i roto i te waahanga e whai ake nei mehemea kei a koe he pEM hei whakakapi):

  1. Whakatere atu ki / usr / share / ca-certificates / .
  2. Waihanga he kōpaki i reira (hei tauira, sudo mkdir / usr / share / ca-tohu / mahi ).
  3. Tāruahia te kōnae .CRT ki taua kōpaki i hangaia. Ki te kore koe e mahi ma te ringa, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i tenei whakahau hei: sudo cp yourfile.crt /usr/share/ca-certificates/work/yourfile.crt .
  4. Me whakarite kia tika nga whakaaetanga (755 mo te kōpaki me te 644 mo te kōnae).
  5. Whakahaeretia te tono whakahou-ca-tiwhikete sudo .

Firefox me Thunderbird

Mena kei te hiahia te kōnae PEM ki te kawemai ki te kiritaki īmēra Mozilla pērā i Thunderbird, ka taea e koe te kawe tuatahi i te kōnae PEM i Firefox. Whakatūwheratia te tahua Firefox ka kōwhiri i nga Kōwhiringa . Haere ki te Whakaritea> Nga Tiwhikete> Tiwhikete Tiwhikete> To Tiwhikete me te whiriwhiri i te mea e hiahiatia ana e koe ki te kaweake, ka whiriwhiri i te Whakaoranga ....

Na, i roto i te Thunderbird, whakatuwheratia te tahua ka pāwhiri ka pato ranei i nga Kōwhiringa . Whakatere ki te Whakanui> Nga Tiwhikete> Whakahaere Tiwhikete> To Tiwhikete To Kawemai .... Mai i te "Ingoa Kōnae:" o te matapihi Kawemai , whiriwhiria nga Tiwhikete Tiwhikete mai i te heke iho, ka kitea me te whakatuwhera i te kōnae PEM.

Hei kawemai i te kōnae PEM ki Firefox, me whai tonu i nga huarahi e hiahia ana koe ki te kaweake i tetahi, engari ka whiriwhiri i te Kawemai ... kaore i te paataki ....

Java KeyStore

Titiro ki tenei Tae Tika Tae i runga i te kawemai i te kōnae PEM ki te Java KeyStore (TKK) mehemea ka hiahia koe ki te mahi. Ko tetahi atu waahanga e mahi ana ko te whakamahi i tenei taputapu matua.

Me pehea te huri i te PEM Kōnae

Kaore i te nuinga o nga ahuatanga kōnae e taea te tahuri ki te taputapu hurihuri kōnae, ki te paetukutuku ranei , me whakauru koe i nga whakahau motuhake mo tetahi papatono kia tahuri ai koe ki te huri i te whakatakotoranga kōnae PEM ki te nuinga atu o nga ahuatanga.

Tahuri PEM ki PPK ki a PuTTYGen. Kōwhirihia te Tae i te taha matau o te papatono, tautuhia te momo kōnae kia waiho hei kōnae (*. *), Ka tirotiro ai me te whakatuwhera i to kōnae PEM. Kōwhiritia Whakaora i te matua tūmataiti hei hanga i te kōnae PPK.

Ma OpenSSL (tiki te putanga Windows i konei), ka taea e koe te huri i te kōnae PEM ki te PFX me te whakahau e whai ake nei:

openssl pkcs12 -inkey yourfile.pem -in yourfile.cert -export -out yourfile.pfx

Mena kei a koe he kōnae PEM e hiahiatia ana kia tahuri ki te CRT, penei ano te take ki a Ubuntu, whakamahia tenei whakahau ki OpenSSL:

openssl x509 -a tofilefile.pem -inform PEM -out yourfile.crt

E tautoko ana a OpenSSL i te whakawhiti ki te .P12 ki te .P12 (PKCS # 12, te Paerewa Papatono Paerewa Putanga 12 ranei), engari whakaurua te toronga kōnae ".TXT" i te mutunga o te kōnae i mua i te whakahaere i tenei whakahau:

openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey yourfile.pem.txt -in yourfile.pem.txt -out yourfile.p12

Titiro ki te hononga o te Taputapu Tauranga i runga ake nei mo te whakamahi i te kōnae PEM ki te Java KeyStore ki te hiahia koe ki te huri i te kōnae ki te KKK, ranei ki tenei akoranga mai i Oracle ki te kawemai i te kōnae ki te taonga kaitiaki Java.

He Korero Ano mo te PEM

Ko te mahinga raraunga raraunga o te whakatakotoranga Tiwhikete Motuhake Whaiaro Whaiaro e whakamahi ana i nga tono karere RSA-MD2 me RSA- MD5 hei whakataurite i tetahi karere i mua atu, i muri i te tukunga atu, kia kore ai e whakawehea i te ara.

I te timatanga o te kōnae PEM he upoko kei te korero ----- TE WHAKAMAHI [taitara] ----- , a, ko te mutunga o te raraunga he rite ano te penei: ----- END [tapanga] - ----. Ko te waahanga "[label]" e whakaahua ana i te karere, kia ahei ai te korero i te KAUPAPA KAUPAPA, TE WHAKAMAHI KAUPAPA, te KAUPAPA .

Anei he tauira:

----- timata kī tūmataiti ----- MIICdgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmAwggJcAgEAAoGBAMLgD0kAKDb5cFyP jbwNfR5CtewdXC + kMXAWD8DLxiTTvhMW7qVnlwOm36mZlszHKvsRf05lT4pegiFM 9z2j1OlaN + ci / X7NU22TNN6crYSiN77FjYJP464j876ndSxyD + rzys386T + 1r1aZ aggEdkj1TsSsv1zWIYKlPIjlvhuxAgMBAAECgYA0aH + T2Vf3WOPv8KdkcJg6gCRe yJKXOWgWRcicx / CUzOEsTxmFIDPLxqAWA3k7v0B + 3vjGw5Y9lycV / 5XqXNoQI14j y09iNsumds13u5AKkGdTJnZhQ7UKdoVHfuP44ZdOv / rJ5 / VD6F4zWywpe90pcbK + AWDVtusgGQBSieEl1QJBAOyVrUG5l2yoUBtd2zr / kiGm / DYyXlIthQO / A3 / LngDW 5 / ydGxVsT7lAVOgCsoT + 0L4efTh90PjzW8LPQrPBWVMCQQDS3h / FtYYd5lfz + FNL 9CEe1F1w9l8P749uNUD0g317zv1tatIqVCsQWHfVHNdVvfQ + vSFw38OORO00Xqs9 1GJrAkBkoXXEkxCZoy4PteheO / 8IWWLGGr6L7di6MzFl1lIqwT6D8L9oaV2vynFT DnKop0pa09Unhjyw57KMNmSE2SUJAkEArloTEzpgRmCq4IK2 / NpCeGdHS5uqRlbh 1VIa / xGps7EWQl5Mn8swQDel / YP3WGHTjfx7pgSegQfkyaRtGpZ9OQJAa9Vumj8m JAAtI0Bnga8hgQx7BhTQY4CadDxyiRGOGYhwUzYVCqkb2sbVRH9HnwUaJT7cWBY3 RnJdHOMXWem7 / w == ----- MUTUNGA kī tūmataiti -----

Ka taea e tetahi kōnae PEM te maha o nga tiwhikete, i roto i taua waa ko nga waahanga "END" me te "WHAKANUI" e noho tata ana ki a raatau.

Kei te tuwhera tonu a Turangi?

Kotahi te take kaore i tuwherahia to kōnae i nga huarahi e whakaaturia ana i runga ake kaore koe i te tino mahi ki tetahi kōnae PEM. Ka whai pea koe i tetahi kōnae e whakamahi noa ana i te toronga o te kohinga tuhi. A, no te mea ko taua take tenei, kaore he mea e tika ana kia whai hononga nga kōnae e rua mo ratou ranei kia mahi tahi me nga papatono rorohiko kotahi.

Hei tauira, kei te titiro te PEF he nui te pene rite te PEM, engari ko te Pentax Raw Image file or Former Embosser Format. Whaia te hono ki te kite me pehea te whakatuwheratia, te huri ranei i nga kōnae PEF, mehemea ko te mea tino kei a koe.

Mena kei te whakahaerehia e koe tetahi kōnae KEY, kia mohio koe ehara i te mea ko nga kōnae katoa e mutu ana i roto i te .KEY kei roto i te whakatakotoranga i whakaahuatia i tenei whaarangi. Ka waiho pea hei Raihana Raihana Rauemi Whakamahia i te wa e rēhita ana i nga papatono rorohiko e rite ana ki te LightWave, i nga Whakaaturanga Whakaatu Ahurangi i hangaia e Apple Keynote.

Mena kei te mohio koe kei a koe he kōnae PEM engari he raruraru kei te whakatuwheratia, kei te whakamahi ranei i te raru, tirohia te Rapu Anga atu mo nga korero mo te whakapiri mai ki a au i runga i nga whatunga hapori, ma te īmēra rānei, me te tuku i nga huinga tautoko tech, me te ake. Kia mohio ahau ki nga momo raruraru kei a koe, ka kite ahau i nga mea ka taea e au hei awhina.